Okwangoku, kukho malunga nama-81 eentlobo zamachiza alwa nethumba asetyenziswa rhoqo eklinikhi.1. Amachiza okulwa ne-tumor ahlelwa ngokomthombo wawo kunye nendlela yokusebenza.Ngokuqhelekileyo yahlulwe ngamachiza e-alkylating, i-antimetabolites, i-antibiotics, izityalo, iihomoni kunye nezinye iziyobisi.Amanye amachiza aquka iplatinam, iasparaginase, amachiza onyango ekujoliswe kuwo, njalo njalo, ngaphandle kwee-reagents zebhayoloji kunye nonyango lwemfuza.Olu lwahlulo alukwazi ukushwankathela uphuhliso lwangoku lwamachiza alwa nethumba.Okwesibini, olunye ulwahlulo lusekelwe kwiithagethi zemolekyuli zamachiza, ezahlulwe ngokweendidi ezininzi.Udidi lokuqala ngamachiza asebenza kwi-chemical structure ye-DNA, njenge-alkylating okanye i-platinum compounds.Udidi lwesibini ngamachiza achaphazela i-nucleic acid synthesis, njenge-antimetabolites.Udidi lwesithathu luyisiyobisi esisebenza kwi-template ye-DNA, sichaphazela ukubhaliswa kunye nokuvinjelwa kwe-DNA, kwaye inqanda ukuhlanganiswa kwe-RNA ngokuthembela kwi-RNA polymerase.Udidi lwesine ngamachiza achaphazela iprotheni synthesis, njenge-paclitaxel, i-vinblastine kunye nokunye.Udidi lokugqibela lwezinye iintlobo zamachiza, njengeehomoni, i-aspartic acid, iziyobisi zonyango ezijoliswe kuzo, njl. njl., kodwa amachiza akhoyo achasene ne-tumor akhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ezi ndidi zingasentla azikwazi ukushwankathela amachiza akhoyo kunye namachiza amalunga. ukungena ekliniki..“

Okwangoku, kukho iziyobisi ezininzi ezichasene ne-tumor ekusebenzeni kweklinikhi.Umzekelo,oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, kunye ne-irinotecan ingasetyenziselwa izicubu zesisu.Izigulane ezinomhlaza wesisu zinokunyangwa ngamachiza afanacisplatinkwayepaclitaxel.Ngokubanzi, iintlobo zomhlaza ezahlukeneyo zikhetha amayeza ahlukeneyo.Ukongeza, izigulana ezinomhlaza zinokunyangwa ngamachiza ajolise kwimolekyuli, anje ngeerlotinib, osimertinib, cetuximab kunye namanye amachiza.

Amachiza aqhelekileyo okulwa ne-tumor abangela i-CIPN aqukaPaclitaxel, iPlatinum, iVinblastine,I-MethotrexateI-Fluorouracil, i-Ifosfamide,Cytarabine, iFludarabine, iThalidomide,Bortimiazolekwaye nangokunjalo.

I-Paclitaxel isebenzisa i-nerve factor growth factor ukunciphisa okanye ukubuyisela umva neurotoxicity;I-cisplatin isebenzisa i-glutathione encitshisiweyo kunye ne-amifostine ukukhusela i-neuropathy ebangelwa yiyo;I-oxaliplatin ayidibanisi nokuvuselela okubandayo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ukukhusela ukuvuselela okubandayo ekuchaphazeleni imithambo-luvo yeperipheral Ukuvuselela, ukusetyenziswa komxube we-calcium-magnesium kunokunciphisa iziganeko kunye nokuqina kweempawu ze-neurotoxicity, kunye nokulibazisa ukwenzeka kwe-neuropathy ekhulayo;ifosfamide inokukhetha i-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukukhusela i-neurotoxicity;sebenzisa i-thiamine ye-fluorouracil inokuthintela imithambo-luvo Isiphumo esinetyhefu.